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Andhra Pradesh is an illustration
of the diverse styles of temple building in the Indian subcontinent.
The Chalukyan, Dravidian, Nagara and the Orissa idiom are
seen in the construction of temples in this southern state.
Tirupati is the best known of the temples of Andhra Pradesh,
attracting millions of pilgrims throughout the year.
The State of Andhra Pradesh abounds
in archeological remains and religious monuments. The Satavahanas
of the 1st century AD left behind them many works of art,
the remains of which are seen at Amaravati near Guntur. The
Ikshvakus succeeded the Satavahanas and the monuments left
behind by them were discovered at excavations at Nagarjunakonda.Some
of the best known Budhist monuments of Andhra Pradesh such
as the Mahastupa and some Hindu temples were found in these
excavations.
The oldest temples in the State, Tirupati
Venkateswara Temple and the Kalahasteeswara Temple date back
to the pre Christian times. The Chalukyas of Badami (Karnataka)
of about the 6th century built the Alampur Bhrama temples.These
are excellent examples of Chalukyan art and sculpture. The
Vengi Chalukyas ruled coastal Andhra Pradesh from the 7th
to the 11th centuries.
The Badami Chalukyas of Deccan were succeeded
by the Rashtrakutas and the later Chalukyas. The Kakatiyas
who succeeded the later Chalukyas and ruled from Warangal
(11th - 14th century AD) constructed several beautiful temples
that show a profuse display of sculptural work.. The North
Eastern region of Andhra Pradesh was under the rule of the
Ganga Kings and the temples of this region show influences
of the Orissa style of architecture.
The Vijayanagar Empire caused a number of
monuments to be built and patronized in the State. Mention
must be made of the Sree Sailam temple and the ornate Lepakshi
temples. The flat stuccoed granite ceilings of the Vijayanagar
Empire provided a suitable background for frescoes as seen
at Lepakshi.
Thus, the temples that line the length and
breadth of the State stand in silent acknowledgement of centuries
of history and the patronage of various kingdoms such as the
Cholas and Pallavas of Tamilnadu, the Chalukyas of Deccan
, the Eastern Gangas and the Vijayanagar Kings. Some of these
temples have been visited and sung by the Alwar (Vaishnavite)
and the Nayanmar (Saivite) Saints of Tamilnadu. |